Unitarian Universalism has an issue: radical goals and non-radical tactics

I finally wrote a full post on this tension I’ve had since September 2014 when I gave a guest sermon. This is based on “Not my father’s religion”, published in 2007. The contradictions in what UUs promise to do in the world and the distance they’re willing to do the radical things required is difficult. As an impatient young UU this bothers me- lots of people who were 60s radicals but have now settled down and ditched the needed politics.

Here it goes.

May 28, 2015

“Nothing in the middle of the road but yellow lines (and dead armadillos)”

This is not a lovely, soft sermon like many here. They are beautiful, but certain issues require a hardened tone. Do know that this is in the vein of Frederick Douglass, the greatest black orator in American history, when he told a group of Unitarian abolitionists, the UUs of their day, that he loved them all but would give them Hell for these twenty minutes.

The issue starts as the central point of “Not my father’s religion” by Reverend Doug Muder, from UU World. In it, he explains why his working-class factory worker father goes to a conservative Lutheran church, and not the one he preaches at. The article, which a masterwork of cutting through assumptions and stereotypes, comes to the conclusion that UUs have very few working-class members, and their beliefs contribute to that.

From an upper middle-class professional core, members don’t see the insecurity and danger in the world that regular laborers do, and often spend more time talking about the homeless than the near-homeless. There is always a danger of hidden elitism- when we use the term “flipping burgers” we often devalue that working at a Wendy’s is hard, unrewarding toil.

This taps into what I’d like to talk about, something that guided a 2014 guest sermon I gave called “And Society at Large”, which was about that Principle Five of the Seven Principles we cherish calls for democracy in all of society, including economic democracy. For the purposes of the sermon and the fact that “economic democracy” is a wide-ranging term, I didn’t use words like “socialism”. But the message that many got was clear- the church needs to live up to its radical talk. This is a church that, bluntly, is the radical children of the 1960s teaching a much more watered-down set of values to their own kids.

One person who sat up after the speech to make an announcement irritated me. Two things were annoying- first, she was making a regular political announcement (though I know the contradiction given my sermon) in the church sanctuary that is normally done outside. And secondly, she credited me as the inspiration to talk about how she needs everyone to go to the Democratic Party offices to work on the elections.

The biggest blow was not that I think the Democratic Party is a dead-end for the radical and religious, though I do. It’s that she took my leftist message and turned it into the kind of milquetoast liberalism that gives the Party its nickname- the graveyard of social movements. It’s the repeated appropriation- of gay liberation, of black resistance, of the mass left-wing movements that defined the twentieth century in many places, including the United States. These groups become cogs in a party machine and lose their independence. The black American experience we are seeing with police violence is clear- some leaders have long since joined the party apparatus, and thus their criticisms have evident limits. The young insurgents that I admire so much have sometimes booed Al Sharpton off the stage, because they’re too smart to be sold on a plan that doesn’t work. Smaller groups cannot influence large machines in the way that big money and white voter issues do.

The organization I am a part of rejects the two parties and sees that the only way to gain economic democracy, egalitarian society, and all these things that by the Seven Principles we are morally obliged to strive for- is to build a working class alternative that lacks the compromises that define the two big parties. And I felt our 2013 campaign in Seattle was an example of what many UUs may one day see as necessary- a challenge to liberal Democratic politics that are too tied to businesses and interest groups to achieve change.

Running under the then-insane demand of a $15 an hour minimum wage, our candidate Kshama Sawant- an immigrant woman of color, organizer, and professor- beat him out by the slimmest of margins, winning almost 94,000 votes.

And what happens with that radical alternative. The $15 an hour wage became a reality in Seattle, and now spread to San Francisco and Los Angeles, coming soon in Chicago and Minneapolis, New York and Berkeley. A ordinance was passed to stop landlords from raising rents by more than 400% (!) to keep gentrification at bay. Homeless encampments are allowed to stay rather than broken up by police every week or so. And the new budget is the most progressive in the country, including record funding for homeless LGBT youth and looking to invest in mass transit. Currently the struggle in Seattle is over a large oil rig headed to drill in the Arctic- given the chance by the Obama administration- where hundreds of indigenous people and environmentalists block the way out with their kayaks and banners.

Idle No More indigenous activists in Canada block a highway.
Idle No More indigenous activists in Canada block a highway.

In essence, the UUs need to change their principles or change their tactics. Many UUs will support the Democratic candidate, and I understand that. But without our own political power we will never win the victories that match our moral expectations. Indeed, when Democratic clubs all over Seattle held their 2015 endorsement meetings, they all came back with an endorsement in our district of “none of the above”- since our non-Democratic candidate cannot be directly endorsed. There is a split available more than ever in recent time between the establishment and the activists.

Unitarian Universalism would benefit from class diversity, just like it would from racial diversity, and more immigrants, and other things we discuss all the time. But class diversity is not going to be gained by tabling outside union halls and pawn shops. Our ideas are great but their expression is biased in favor of the well-educated, and those in communities that are not in crisis. I don’t see how a black janitor in a community where young men are being shot in the back will find our progressive ideals right for him, because they’re never communicated in the way he might see things.

Standoff between protesters and armed police in Ferguson, Missouri. 2014.
Standoff between protesters and armed police in Ferguson, Missouri. 2014.

As the new generation, I understand that I will be on the radical fringe until I settle down, have kids, and pay dumb taxes. But since what the UU needs are people who might see my worldview as better aligned with theirs, I can’t just be flatly ignored.

We can do this. Let’s be the radical kooks that our ancestors were when they said that slavery was an abomination and rose up as whole towns to chase slave catchers out of the North. They were one moderate reformers, but they saw the Light that radical solutions were needed to serious problems. Abolition stopped being symbolic the moment it became extralegal.

When institutions lose accountability: the case of Mars Hill Church

Mars Hill Campus, 2012. Photo by Frank Brown | CC BY-SA 3.0

A news feature about Mars Hill Church, a large Christian evangelical organization mostly centered around Seattle, Washington, was published this week by the  alternative weekly The Stranger. The church and its head, pastor Mark Driscoll, have gone through several controversies since 2007, with the last couple months being the period of most intense criticism.

The feature summarizes what has occurred, though if you want a more detailed long-term investigation I suggest reading Warren Throckmorton at Patheos.com. Writ large, Mars Hill is a cautionary tale. When organizations move towards authoritarianism, whether religious, social, or political, they often sow the seeds of their ultimate demise.

Protestantism has a long history of democratic church governance. I’m currently reading a book about Scotland’s evolution since the Reformation, and one of the most radical ideas that came was the idea that an elected body had ultimate power over the minister in a given parish. If the minister was abusive or incompetent, they could be fired. Their power was well-regulated. Many churches in America still have that system, where church bylaws create a structure that is self-regulating and sustainable.

Driscoll changed Mars Hill from a strong council style where his influence was checked, to one where he had vast executive authority and little opposition. Two elders who opposed this shift were shunned and discarded.

What has happened since is a a clear lesson of why checks and balances are required in any complex institution. Driscoll has been aggressive and confrontational with critics, often using pseudonyms. His books have faced allegations of plagiarism. Last month came the most disturbing revelation:

In a July 2014 letter, Mars Hill admitted that millions of dollars donated to its Global Fund, which appeared to be bound for projects in Ethiopia and India, actually went into Mars Hill’s general fund, which raised questions about how much of the general fund goes towards Driscoll’s salary. Driscoll’s handlers have declined to answer questions about the scandal, but journalist Warren Throckmorton, who follows Mars Hill closely, reported that unnamed church insiders estimate less than 5 percent of the Global Fund actually made it overseas.

Recently he claimed that opposition to his authority has been anonymous and hiding, which led to a protest outside of their Bellevue campus showing that opposition was no afraid of showing itself in public.

Having lived in a place with many large corporations, I have heard stories about CEOs stocking boards of directors with family members or yes-men. From there, they can act with impunity, from their hiring and firing decisions to personal compensation. In Silicon Valley this system survives in times of record prosperity, but under any pressure stars to buckle. People who only hear what they want to hear will in time lose a grip on larger society. For a body that must maintain membership and gain new followers, the tone-deaf policymaking that comes from insular leaders creates an organization that lurches from crisis to crisis.

Radical democracy has its just critics, but it can help prevent the harmful path that Mars Hill has taken in the past several years. As long as churches, businesses, and governments are in the hands of a few elites, the common people will suffer the most from poor decisionmaking. There are few things more demoralizing than being in a community in which your opinions are not solicited and not valued. Hopefully other groups will see the embarrassing state of Mars Hill and take its story to heart. We all have much to learn, for future society will depend on learning from what has worked and avoided what has not.

A world to win

Nathan Schneider, one of the first journalists to cover the Occupy Wall Street movement, has written a feature for Al Jazeera entitled “From occupation to reconstruction“. Anyone who has experience in Occupy knows the reaction from other people since the major encampments were dispersed. What happened to Occupy? It seems to have been a total failure.

Spanish indignados protest, Madrid.

The truth is more complex. Schneider, more than any other journalist I’ve seen, catalogs the evolution from 2011 to today. This is both internationally and in America, as Occupy was not the original spark. There were student strikes in Chile, an ongoing radical revolution in Spain, the crisis in Greece. Some protestors I met were led to believe that this was unique and special, it’s important when charting a global movement to avoid chauvinism.

Occupy was not shattered, it flowed into the thousand crucial issues that its participants cared about. Anyone who visited an encampment or went on a march knew that Occupy was big-tent in the extreme. Through the large actions, formerly unacquainted people met, formed workgroups, and it went from there. All the national media coverage about a $15/hr minimum wage comes in large part from the energy of Occupy. Before Kshama Sawant was a member of the Seattle City Council, she was a an Occupy organizer. What $15/hr is, fundamentally, is the working class playing offense. It’s putting the American economic system on the table. Beyond a system where the employer and the corporate politician says what they will allow, the last year has seen a shift towards workers saying what they need. Occupy was a key part in translating a key phrase bandied about- when something is “bad for the economy” it’s often just bad for people in power. The economy is a lot more than a few billionaires. Or at least it should be.

For a year or more I had an Occupy hangover. I missed the mass turnout, the radical direct democracy, the egalitarian nature of an encampment. There are new developments, evolutions of what started in September 2011, and they’re something to get excited about. It’s the real deal. And each tangible victory in 2014 makes every word chanted in 2011 mean something more.

 

Turning the tide: the fight for a $15 minimum wage

Income growth distribution. Source: http://news.good.is/beg-borrow-steal/econographic#%21/2
Income growth distribution. Source: http://news.good.is/beg-borrow-steal/econographic#%21/2

There is a war going on in the Pacific Northwest. It has garnered some national attention, and cities across the country will be influenced by the result. Which side wins, and whether they get most of what they initially wanted, will ripple across the nation.

Seattle is debating a $15 minimum wage.

This is an extraordinary fight, because it was linked to an extraordinary campaign. Kshama Sawant, a member of Socialist Alternative, defeated a sixteen-year Democratic incumbent to win a seat on the Seattle City Council. I’ve written about Sawant several times (here was my pitch prior to the election), and her success is one of the biggest events in the American left since the McGovern campaign. The whole campaign was tightly bound around a single campaign promise- a $15/hr minimum wage.

Her victory, against the grain of traditional Seattle politics, indicated that popular sentiment was on the side of her campaign and the organization she helped found, 15 Now. Seattle is joined by San Francisco in pushing for a ballot initiative. The engine is Seattle though, with over a year of constant campaigning. Pressure has given the proposal wide political acceptance, even among business-friendly Democrats.

The split between worker productivity and worker wage increase
The split between worker productivity and worker wage increase

The argument is straightforward. Since the end of World War II-era price controls, worker productivity has increased substantially, but since the Nixon Administration is no longer matched by increases in wages. This era has also been one of sharply rising costs- education, healthcare, rent. I’ve drawn a grasp with permanent markers to give you the result. No, seriously:

A simplified graph of wages vs. costs since 1970
A simplified graph of wages vs. costs since 1970

The minimum wage isn’t tied to inflation, so it buys far less than in decades past. Increasingly, those that make minimum wage (or close to it) no longer have a living wage. They can’t afford to raise their kids, or live anywhere near where they work. Thus they rely on two things- credit and welfare. There are plenty of people working crazy hours yet still in the economic strata to require welfare to make basic ends meet. Without a strong wage, the taxpayers are footing the bill for underpaid workers.

There are two broad concerns at play in Seattle. The first is about the minimum wage as a whole- that it kills business, competitively, leads to unemployment. I tackled these broad issues last August here. I found there to be a lack of solid evidence that the minimum wage is a great harm to society- people often say that it is, but they’re relying on the standard (typically called ‘neoclassical’) model, which actually isn’t that accurate. We’ll return to that thought.

The second are the specifics of the wage increase. Basically, who has to increase to $15 and by when? Originally the idea was an increase from all businesses immediately. The version that’s being filed and will probably get voted on soon has a three-year lead-in for small businesses and nonprofits. $11, then $13, then $15.

In terms of a debate, the place I’ve found with the most content dedicated to the issue is The Stranger, Seattle’s sweary alternative newspaper. They strongly endorsed Sawant (dedicating an issue to making a case for her), but they’ve been releasing editorials in pairs- one advocating for an exception, one against. Currently, four pieces on the minimum wage are in the “most commented” section on the front page.

This is a bitter fight. Big businesses (especially those for which most of their staff make under $15) are fighting tooth and nail- and sometimes use small businesses as a front to advance their own interests. There is clear evidence in leaked documents. This is nothing new, but it’s important to pay attention.

While not anything close to an expert, I’ve taken enough college economics to have a decent grasp of minimum wage mechanics, as one of the basic aspects of the labor market. There has been quite a lot of misleading statements- and one would assume that if San Francisco and Seattle ultimately succeed, they will pop up again and again as the fight moves to other areas.

A number thrown out in the debate is 60%- the increase from the current state minimum wage of $9.19 to $15. Often the proposal is said to be a “60% increase in labor costs.” That’s not even close to true. What’s important to know is that essentially no business pays every worker minimum wage. If they did, it’d be 60%, but if people are making $10.50 or $12.75, it’s a lot less than that. Also there are plenty of workers who make over $15 in a given enterprise who won’t see any increase- at least directly.

$15/hr protestor in New York City. Peter Foley/EPA
$15/hr protestor in New York City. Peter Foley/EPA

Another issue is distorting costs. While labor costs are important, they sit alongside the cost of land, rent, licenses, legal and financial assistance, and of course whatever a business sells. The best read of The Stranger editorials is this one by bar owner Andrew Friedman. He got an overwhelming pushback by commenters, including several who work for a small business. As an accountant stated, if their firm raised all employees to $15 it would be a 4.33% increase in costs. There’s a big difference between 60% and 4.33%. While all cost hikes will affect total costs, labor is not all of a businesses’ costs.

A proposal has been made to include “total compensation”. A series of essays go back and forth starting here. What’s wrong with $15/hr total compensation? Well, a few things. It allows the employer to include (and overvalue) other non-wage benefits. Given the rapid rise in health care costs, this could easily eat into the actual wage earned until there is no rise at all. And it gives employers a great amount of power- they figure out the costs, they determine what total compensation is. You can’t make a good argument for wage theft because the wage has no solid meaning anymore. It’s just part of the total compensation soup.

The reality is simple. Large corporations, that employ a huge amount of minimum wage workers, are skating thanks to government subsidy of their business (sweetheart tax deals, plus tax loopholes) and government subsidy of their workers. The end result is incredible US corporate profits. A move towards a $15/hr minimum wage is recognizing that there is no disaster for American corporations if labor starts closing the gap between what it produces and what it is ultimately paid. It’ll throw a wrench into the economic idea that profits must constantly rise and increase- the system where shareholder concerns are much more pressing than labor concerns. But that sort of escalating system also causes destructive market bubbles, so maybe it needs a wake-up call.

Source: http://qz.com/192725/what-another-record-year-of-corporate-profits-means-for-the-us-economy/
Source: http://qz.com/192725/what-another-record-year-of-corporate-profits-means-for-the-us-economy/

I’m tired of people making hackneyed economic arguments that don’t have a solid foundation beneath them. The dangers of a high minimum wage are a meme, perhaps exacerbated by the fact that most introductory economics courses are strongly slanted to that conclusion. As I pointed out in a rebuke of Alex Berezow’s ill-suited attack on Sawant, many journalists and pundits don’t cite anything more complicated than N. Gregory Mankiw- often just leaving it at ‘common sense’.

Serious discussion is due for the minimum wage. Each month brings new depressing confirmations- income inequality is soaring, it’s reversing decades of gains by the middle class, people are getting wrecked by increased costs and don’t have the money to save, invest, and eventually retire. When a movement emerges that actually offers a potential solution, efforts must be made to understand it from their perspective. US journalism tends to start from the perspective of how a new policy will affect corporations.

Perhaps they should think of how the lack of a new policy current affects workers and families.

Follow-up: Sawant campaign issues rebuke of Berezow’s article

So the day after my article criticizing Alex Berezow’s shallow, smug opinion piece against a woman with far more expertise on economics than he has, the Kshama Sawant campaign has issued their own rebuttal. It is similar but more a rallying point than my own beef with Berezow’s overly simplified view of economics, and his contempt for academia.

A true alternative

Seattle City Council candidate Kshama Sawant

Elections in Novembers without any candidates for national office are usually pretty dull affairs. Where I live, it’s the fire protection district, the school board, a community college district trustee, and a school bond measure. Not trivial, but pretty light stuff.

Not so in the cities of Seattle and Minneapolis. Two candidates- Seattle Community College instructor Kshama Sawant and anti-foreclosure activist Ty Moore are poised to upset the political order. Both are dominated by the Democratic party machine, and tend to produce candidates with solid credentials but a dearth of ideas. So are Sawant and Moore Republicans? A new brand of Democrat?

No, they are socialists.

Both are members of Socialist Alternative, which aims to provide a challenge from the left of the Democratic Party. While Republicans are pressured to move to the right due to the Tea Party, no such dynamic exists for Democrats. However, on Tuesday both will stand for a position on the city council. And both may very well win.

How has this happened? A credible socialist movement hasn’t existed in American cities since before the Second World War. But 2013 is a strange time in America. Unemployment is stubbornly high, and the new jobs that being created are inferior to those that existed before. Income inequality is the highest it’s been since 1929. The labor movement desperately needs a shot in the arm to reverse a long period of decline. In other words, the climate of the early 20th century is returning. The same climate that gave way to the CIO, Eugene V. Debs, socialist congressmen, and cities run by socialist councilmen and socialist mayors.

This change is not just climate, but about candidates and the issues they value. The Stranger, Seattle’s second largest newspaper, gave a forceful and compelling endorsement of Sawant. They point out that she’s not “the stereotypically dour, rhetoric-spewing Socialist Workers Party candidate.” Instead she advocates for issues that affect regular working people. The centerpiece of her campaign (sharing her name on all her signs) is a $15/hr minimum wage. This idea, considered silly a year ago, has been forced into the political mainstream by Sawant and Moore. Now both candidates in the mayoral run-off in Seattle are on record supporting the idea. Democratic politics involves a lot of issues that are off the table. Single-payer healthcare. Substantially higher taxes for the wealthy. Aggressive movements to limit pollution and halt climate change. Socialist Alternative does what its name promises- a different view of things. And it puts these issues back on the table, where they belong.

And it is causing parts of the Democratic party to question where they stand. Do they choose party, or issues? The large number of union endorsements speaks to this conflict. The Minnesota State Council (SEIU) has endorsed Moore. The King County Labor Council, which had originally voted to back Sawant’s Democratic opponent, long-time Councilman Richard Conlin, held a revote where the majority backed the socialist. Moore has raised over $60,000 through the grassroots, out-raising his opponent since late August.

Minneapolis city council candidate Ty Moore
Minneapolis city council candidate Ty Moore

While both seem in a strong position, neither race has been polled, and it is difficult to know if either are headed to victory or defeat. But the statement has been made, and activists from all over the country are looking at these races. When Sawant finished second in a three-person primary, she shocked the establishment by winning 35% of the vote. The runoff exists because of the strength of Sawant’s campaign volunteers and the power of her message- Conlin didn’t poll the 50% required to win outright.

However, the enthusiasm shows that the American left is not quite dead. They can offer a real alternative. And choice is how a democracy can sustain itself, and create a better society.